df -h / df -k are the commands to check filesystem usage .
Form the below example lets take /linuxtechnotes file system as example .
Size :- is total size of /linuxtechnotes filesystem which is 582M.
used :- is total usage of /linuxtechnotes filesystem which is 11M.
Avail :- is total size of /linuxtechnotes filesystem which is 542M.
Use% :- is total % usage of of /linuxtechnotes filesystem which is 2%.
mounted on is the filesystem name .
Friday, December 23, 2016
How to Extend a filesystem ?(Pv/Vg/Lv extend) ?
LV Extend :-
Syntax :- lvextend -L +size /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
resize2fs /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
VG Extend :-
vgextend <VGNAME> <PV>
How to create a filesystem in Linux ?(Pv/Vg/Lv Create) ?
PV Create :-
Syntax :- pvcreate <diskname>
"pvs" is the command to see current Physical Volumes.
VG Create :-
Syntax :- vgcreate <vgname>
"vgs" is the command to see current Volume Groups.
LV Create :-
Syntax:- lvcreate -L size -n <lvname> <vgname >
"lvs" is the command to see current Logical Volumes
How to create file system ? In below example I am showing for ext3. You can replace it with ext4/xfs as needed .
syntax:- mkfs.ext3 /dev/<vgname>/<lvname>
syntax:- mount -t <filesystemType> /dev/<vgname>/<lvname> <mount directory>
ex:- mount -t ext3 /dev/vglinuxtechnotes/lvlinux /linuxtechnotes
In order to get auto mount during system boot add to /etc/fstab file as below .
How to Scan the new Disks in Linux ?
Syntax: - echo “- - -“> /sys/class/scsi_host/host?/scan
Examples :-
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/scan
echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host4/scan
Before Scan :-
After Scan :-
How to Add New Disk to Linux Virtual server ?
"fdisk -l" is the command to check current disks .
To add a Disk , Right Click on the server >> click on Settings/Edit settings as below .
Then it will prompt to below screen , Then select Hard Disk and click on Add as shown below .
Click on Next as shown below
Specify the Size as you needed . In below example I have mentioned 1Gb and then click on Next.
Then click finish as show Below .
Then once you scan the Disks you can see the new disk from the OS.
Syntax :- echo “- - -“> /sys/class/scsi_host/host?/scan
Below you can see new Disk was discovered after scan the hosts .
Thursday, December 22, 2016
How to Delete a user ?
syntax :- userdel <username>
syntax:- userdel -r <username >
-r will delete home directory aswell .
Below you can see when your deleting with -r option its removing home directory aswell .
Monday, December 19, 2016
How to login a server using putty ?
using 'ifconfig' command you will get the IP address of the server .
Below you can see how can we login with putty.
In putty tool enter your hostname or IPaddress of server at below highlighted tab . Then hit enter or click on open
Then you will get prompt to below screen . You can click on yes and it will ask you only first time you login to server . once you click yes it wont ask you for next login as your computer saves the host key .
After that enter your login credentials as shown below .
Below you can see how can we login with putty.
In putty tool enter your hostname or IPaddress of server at below highlighted tab . Then hit enter or click on open
Then you will get prompt to below screen . You can click on yes and it will ask you only first time you login to server . once you click yes it wont ask you for next login as your computer saves the host key .
After that enter your login credentials as shown below .
How create a file in Linux ?
we can create a file in 3 different ways.
1)touch
2)vi
3)echo
1) Touch Command :-
syntax:- touch <filename>
lets assume you want to create file called linuxtechnotes.
# touch linuxtechnotes
using below command we can create multiple files in single command. lets assume you want to create files called linux1,linux2,linux3.
#touch linux1 linux2 linux3
2) vi :-
using 'vi' command we can edit the existing files and create the new file as well.
syntax:- vi <filename>
In below example created a file called file1 with context.
3) echo:-
syntax :- echo "context" > <filename>
In below example created a file called file2 with context .
Note :- using any of touch,vi,echo we are able to create a file . But did you notice any difference ?
The difference is using 'touch' command we can create a file without any context . But to create using " 'vi'and 'echo' we need context aswell and also we can create both file and context during same time .
How to find IP address and login remotely ?
using 'ifconfig' command you will get the IP address of the server .
There are many tools which you can login a server remotely . Below you can see how can we login with putty.
In putty tool enter your hostname or IPaddress of server at below highlighted tab . Then hit enter or click on open
Then you will get prompt to below screen . You can click on yes and it will ask you only first time you login to server . once you click yes it wont ask you for next login as your computer saves the host key .
After that enter your login credentials as shown below .
There are many tools which you can login a server remotely . Below you can see how can we login with putty.
In putty tool enter your hostname or IPaddress of server at below highlighted tab . Then hit enter or click on open
Then you will get prompt to below screen . You can click on yes and it will ask you only first time you login to server . once you click yes it wont ask you for next login as your computer saves the host key .
After that enter your login credentials as shown below .
Sunday, December 11, 2016
How to reboot the server ?
once you login-ed to the console run 'reboot' as below .
Then server will reboot as showed in below screens .
Once server got boot and its up you will get below login prompt .
How to get terminal in VMware work station ?
First login using your credentials as showed in below examples.
Once you get logged in .
Right click and press open in terminal .
You will get the terminal like below .
How to login with other user from VMware work station ?
Lets assume below is the screen which you get by default . In below example its linux-vm user . what if you want login with other user ?
As showed in below screen press down arrow to go to other tab . And then press enter key .
You will get below screen .
Then enter your user name . In below screen i am logging as user "root". Then press enter key .
Then it will prompt for password .
Give your password accordingly . If your not sure about password check here on How to change password.
Ignore the below error and close it .
Now you can see below your able to login the server.
Then you can do right click and enter open in terminal as showned below .
Below you can see the terminal was opened .
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Please do comment below for any queries , will get back to you soon .
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